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Grassland

Appropriate fertilization of grassland with mineral fertilizers allows to obtain high yields of green mass and improve the quality of the produced fodder. Consequently, balanced fertilization has a positive effect on the health and productivity of livestock.

Although nitrogen is the most important factor in the productivity of grassland, balanced fertilization should be applied as in the case of cereals, rape, maize or sugar beet.

Harvesting 10 tons of green fodder equals taking up from the soil about 50 kg of nitrogen, 14 kg of phosphorus and as much as 60 kg of potassium .

For grassland, the recommended annual dose of potassium can be as high as 180 kg/ha. The optimal doses of this component depend on the abundance of soil. Potassium fertilizers should be applied in several stages, similarly to nitrogen fertilizers: on meadows evenly under each swath, and on pastures in spring - 40-50% of the annual dose, the rest after the second and fourth grazing. If there are no floods on double-cut meadows, half of the potassium can be applied in autumn and the second dose in spring after the first swath. It should also be remembered that on pastures, potassium fertilization can be reduced by the amount of this nutrient left in the manure by grazing animals (about 20 kg/ha for each large livestock unit).

It is usually recommended to divide the nitrogen dose into 2-3 parts, for each swath or for each regrowth of pastureland. On light mineral soils , the nitrogen spring dose should be 50-60% of the annual nitrogen dose. On degraded peat-muck soils it is recommended to use 50-70% of the annual dose of N in spring. On the other hand, moderately decayed soils can be supplied with no more than 60 kg N/ha. On pastures nitrogen fertilization can be 20-30% higher. The most common grassland fertilizers are nitrate fertilizers. Urea can also be used for the second and third regrowth.

Phosphorus fertilizers can be applied once in spring or autumn, if there is no likelihood of flooding. It is not recommended to divide the phosphorus dose into parts. Light mineral soils and peat-mineral soils have higher needs in relation to phosphorus.

Mineral fertilizer doses (kg/ha) for grassland on mineral soils (IUNG, 2008):

Gleby Fertilizing
N P2O5
dry matter yield (t/ha) Nutrient availability in soil
medium high very low low medium high very high
Meadows
Light mineral soil and very light (mucky, sandy alluvial soils) bonitation class V and VI 80 160 80 70 60 40 30
Medium and heavy mineral soils (alluvial soils, clays) bonitation class II, III and IV 90 180 x 50 40 35 30
Pastures
Light mineral soil and very light (mucky, sandy alluvial soils) bonitation class V and VI 90 180 90 80 70 50 40
Medium and heavy mineral soils (alluvial soils, clays) bonitation class II, III and IV 100 200 x 60 50 45 40


Gleby Fertilizing
K2O
Nutrient availability in soil
very low low medium high very high
Meadows
Light mineral soil and very light (mucky, sandy alluvial soils) bonitation class V and VI 180 140 100 80 60
Medium and heavy mineral soils (alluvial soils, clays) bonitation class II, III and IV x 100 80 60 40
Pastures
Light mineral soil and very light (mucky, sandy alluvial soils) bonitation class V and VI 130 90 60 50 30
Medium and heavy mineral soils (alluvial soils, clays) bonitation class II, III and IV x 60 40 30 x

x – such situation does not occur


Mineral fertilizers doses (kg/ha) on grasslands on organic soils (IUNG 2008)

Soils Ferilising
N P2O5
dry matter yield (t/ha) Nutrient availability in soil
medium high very low low medium high very high
Meadows
Mucky peat (strongly mineralizing) 0 60 90 80 70 50 35
Mucky peat , slightly or highly rotten (degraded) 70 140 70 60 50 40 30
Pastures
Mucky peat (strongly mineralizing) 50 100 100 90 80 60 40
Mucky peat , slightly or highly rotten (degraded) 80 160 80 70 60 50 40


Soils Fertilizing
K2O
Nutrient availability in soil
very low low medium high very high
Meadows
Mucky peat (strongly mineralizing) 180 160 140 100 80
Mucky peat , slightly or highly rotten (degraded) 160 140 120 80 80
Pastures
Mucky peat (strongly mineralizing) 130 110 90 50 30
Mucky peat , slightly or highly rotten (degraded) 120 100 80 40 30
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Your personal data will be stored for as long as Aurepio-Kalij Sp. z o.o. needs it for the purposes for which it was collected. Personal data will be stored until any of the following situations occur:

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